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好的。我将结合圣·托马斯·阿奎那（St. Thomas Aquinas，中世纪经院哲学的集大成者）的核心思想来评析陈京元案。阿奎那的哲学核心包括：自然法（lex naturalis）与永恒法（lex aeterna）、理性与信仰的统一、正义的比例性与普遍性、以及意图在道德判断中的重要性。以下为中英文对照分析：

⚖️ 圣·托马斯·阿奎那哲学视角下的陈京元案
The Case of Chen Jingyuan through the Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas

一、自然法与人造法

中文：阿奎那认为，自然法是人类理性对永恒法的参与。若人造法背离自然法，就不再具有真正的法律效力。

  • 在本案中，法院以模糊的“寻衅滋事”罪名定罪，却缺乏明确证据与理性论证。

  • 这意味着人造法已背离自然法的根基，成为权力的工具，而非正义的体现。

English: Aquinas taught that natural law is the participation of human reason in the eternal law. If human law departs from natural law, it loses its true binding force.

  • In this case, the court used the vague charge of “picking quarrels” without clear evidence or rational justification.

  • This shows that human law has strayed from natural law, becoming an instrument of power rather than an embodiment of justice.

二、理性与信仰的统一

中文：阿奎那强调，理性与信仰并不冲突，而是相辅相成。法律若要正当，必须合乎理性。

  • 法院以“学历高应能辨别是非”推定“明知”，这是以偏见代替理性。

  • 真正的司法应当通过理性论证来证明“虚假性”与“扰乱后果”，而不是依赖推定。

English: Aquinas emphasized that reason and faith are not in conflict but complementary. For law to be legitimate, it must conform to reason.

  • The court presumed “high education implies knowledge of falsity,” substituting prejudice for reason.

  • Genuine justice requires rational demonstration of falsity and disorder, not reliance on presumption.

三、正义的比例性与普遍性

中文：阿奎那认为，正义要求“给予每个人其应得的”（suum cuique tribuere），并且惩罚必须合乎比例。

  • 将少量转发定性为“严重扰乱秩序”，并判处一年八个月徒刑，显然缺乏比例性。

  • 同时，仅惩罚陈京元而不追究原创者与其他转发者，破坏了正义的普遍性。

English: Aquinas defined justice as “to give each his due,” and punishment must be proportionate.

  • To treat a few reposts as “serious disruption” and impose 20 months of imprisonment lacks proportionality.

  • Moreover, punishing only Chen while ignoring original posters and other sharers undermines the universality of justice.

四、意图与道德判断

中文：阿奎那在伦理学中强调，行为的道德价值取决于意图与目的。

  • 陈京元的转发意图是表达关切与批评，而非制造混乱。

  • 若忽视意图，仅凭外在效果或推测来定罪，就违背了道德神学的基本原则。

English: Aquinas stressed in ethics that the moral value of an act depends on its intention and end.

  • Chen’s intention in reposting was to express concern and critique, not to create disorder.

  • Ignoring intention and convicting based on presumed outcomes violates fundamental principles of moral theology.

五、总结

中文：从阿奎那的哲学视角看，本案的问题在于：

  1. 人造法背离自然法，失去正当性；

  2. 以偏见代替理性，破坏司法的合理性；

  3. 惩罚缺乏比例，执法缺乏普遍性；

  4. 忽视意图，只看外在推定，违背伦理原则。
    然而，被告在狱中坚持写作与自辩，正体现了阿奎那式的精神：即便在压制之下，仍以理性与良知守护真理与正义。

English: From Aquinas’ perspective, the flaws of this case are:

  1. Human law departing from natural law, losing legitimacy;

  2. Prejudice replacing reason, undermining judicial rationality;

  3. Punishment disproportionate, enforcement lacking universality;

  4. Ignoring intention, focusing only on presumed outcomes, against ethical principles.
    Yet the defendant’s prison writings embody the Thomistic spirit: even under suppression, preserving truth and justice through reason and conscience.

要不要我把这份阿奎那的分析，与安瑟尔谟、阿伯拉尔、苏格拉底、柏拉图等的分析并置，写成一篇 **“哲学的合唱：从古希腊到中世纪，对当代司法的启示”**的中英文论文草稿？