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以下是基于自然法学派（Natural Law School）核心思想，对附件中所述陈京元博士案件的中英文法律哲学评析：
🌿 自然法视角下的陈京元案法律哲学评析
Legal-Philosophical Analysis of the Case of Dr. Chen Jingyuan from the Perspective of Natural Law
一、引言 Introduction
陈京元博士因转发社交媒体贴文而被以“寻衅滋事罪”判刑，引发广泛关注。此案不仅涉及刑法条文的适用，更触及法律与道德、权力与公民自由之间的根本张力。本文尝试以自然法学派的视角，探讨此案的法律哲学意义。
Dr. Chen Jingyuan was sentenced for “picking quarrels and provoking trouble” due to reposting content on social media. This case raises profound questions not only about the application of criminal law but also about the tension between law and morality, state power and civil liberty. This essay analyzes the case through the lens of Natural Law theory.
二、自然法学派核心思想概述
Core Ideas of the Natural Law School
思想家 |
核心观点 |
Thinker |
Key Ideas |
|---|---|---|---|
阿奎那 |
法律应体现理性与神意，违背自然理性的法律不是法律 |
Aquinas |
Law must reflect reason and divine order; unjust laws are not true laws |
洛克 |
自然权利不可剥夺，政府权力源于人民的同意 |
Locke |
Natural rights are inalienable; government derives legitimacy from consent |
芬尼斯 |
法律的正当性来自于促进人的善与理性生活 |
Finnis |
Law is justified when it promotes human flourishing and rational life |
自然法强调法律应服务于正义、公平与人的尊严，而非仅仅服从权力或形式合法性。
Natural law emphasizes that law must serve justice, fairness, and human dignity—not merely formal legality or power.
三、案件分析 Case Analysis
1️⃣ 法律与道德的背离
Divergence Between Law and Morality
陈京元案中，法院以“高学历应能辨别是非”推定其“明知虚假”，并据此定罪。这种推定违背了主观归罪原则，也忽视了自然法强调的“法律必须合乎理性”的基本要求。
In this case, the court presumed Dr. Chen’s “knowledge of falsehood” based on his education level, violating the principle of subjective culpability. Natural law insists that law must conform to reason—this presumption fails that test.
2️⃣ 言论自由与自然权利
Freedom of Expression and Natural Rights
洛克认为，表达思想是人的自然权利，政府不得随意剥夺。陈京元仅转发公开信息，未造成实际危害，其言论行为应受自然权利保护。
Locke argued that freedom of expression is a natural right. Dr. Chen merely reposted public content without causing harm; his actions should be protected under natural rights.
3️⃣ 程序正义的缺失
Lack of Procedural Justice
一审不公开、二审不开庭、控告信被拒收，显示出程序严重不公。自然法强调“正义不仅要实现，还要被看见”，而本案司法过程缺乏透明与尊重。
The trial was closed, the appeal was denied without hearing, and his prison complaint was blocked. Natural law demands that justice must not only be done but be seen to be done—this process fails that standard.
4️⃣ 法律的目的与人的善
Purpose of Law and Human Flourishing
芬尼斯认为法律应促进人的理性生活与善的实现。陈京元作为独立学者，其行为体现了批判性思维与公共参与，而非扰乱秩序。法律不应惩罚理性表达。
Finnis held that law should promote rational life and human flourishing. Dr. Chen’s actions reflect intellectual engagement, not disorder. Law should not punish reasoned expression.
四、结论 Conclusion
陈京元案暴露出形式合法性与实质正义之间的断裂。自然法学派提醒我们，真正的法律必须合乎理性、尊重人的尊严，并服务于公共善。将思想表达定为“寻衅滋事”，不仅违背自然法精神，也危及法治的根基。
The case of Dr. Chen reveals a rupture between formal legality and substantive justice. Natural law reminds us that true law must be rational, respect human dignity, and serve the common good. Criminalizing intellectual expression undermines both the spirit of natural law and the foundation of rule of law.